Toxicity by residual contact and the ovicidal effect of miticides on Tetranychus urticae (Koch) were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 2°C, relative humidity of 60 ± 10%, and photoperiod of 14L : 10D h). The miticides and dose (g i.a. L-1) evaluated were spirodiclofen (0.048), propargita (0.720), spiromesifen (0.750), and milbemectin (0.075). A control of deionized water was used. The treatments were sprayed on bean leaves using a Potter's tower with 2 ml of solution for testing the residual toxicity by contact on females After treatment applications, the leaflets were left in an air-conditioned room for two hours to dry the residues. Then, cotton wool discs were placed on the underside of the leaflets to make the experimental unit. Subsequently, 10 T. urticae females were transferred. All treatments were replicated five times. The number of live females and eggs were recorded at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment application. The ovicidal effect was evaluated for 120 hours. All evaluated miticides were toxic and highly effective on T. urticae females and eggs. Significant mortality values were obtained with propargita from the first 24 hours, and, as well as with milbemectin, the lowest average number of eggs per female was also achieved. Propargita showed the highest corrected mortality, and all evaluated molecules showed a control effectiveness over 96 %. All the miticides evaluated had a strong ovicidal effect, where propargita and spiromesifen stood out inhibiting 100% of the reproduction

Con el objetivo de evaluar la toxicidad por contacto residual y el efecto ovicida de acaricidas sobre Tetranychus urticae (Koch), se realizaron ensayos en condiciones de laboratorio (25 ± 2°C, humedad relativa de 60 ± 10% y fotoperiodo 14L: 10O h). Los acaricidas y las dosis (g i.a. L-1) evaluados fueron: spirodiclofén (0,048), propargita (0,720), spiromesifén (0,750) y milbemectina (0,075). Como control se usó agua desionizada. Los tratamientos se pulverizaron sobre hojas de frijol utilizando 2 ml de caldo en una torre de Potter. Después de la aplicación de los tratamientos, los folíolos se mantuvieron en una sala climatizada por dos horas para secar los residuos. Transitado ese periodo, se colocaron discos de algodón hidrófilo sobre el envés de los folíolos para la confección de la unidad experimental; posteriormente, se transfirieron 10 hembras de T. urticae. Todos los tratamientos se replicaron cinco veces. Se contabilizaron la cantidad de hembras vivas y el número de huevos a las 24, 48 y 72 horas después de la aplicación de los tratamientos. En el caso del efecto ovicida, se evaluó hasta las 120 horas. Se obtuvo que todos los acaricidas evaluados son tóxicos y muy efectivos sobre las hembras y los huevos de T. urticae. Con propargita se obtienen valores de mortalidad significativos desde las primeras 24 horas y, junto a milbemectina, la menor media de huevos por hembra; propargita muestra la mayor mortalidad corregida y todas las moléculas evaluadas muestran una efectividad en el control superior al 96%. Todos los acaricidas evaluados tienen un marcado efecto ovicida, donde se destacan significativamente propargita y spiromesifén, los que inhibieron al 100% la reproducción

RESUMO A cochonilha-parda Parthenolecanium persicae é considerada uma das principais pragas da videira na região Sul do Brasil. Os ramos atacados desenvolvem e produzem menos, podendo secar dependendo da intensidade de infestação. O controle no sistema convencional de produção tem sido realizado basicamente com o uso de inseticidas fosforados e mais recentemente com o emprego de neonicotinóides aplicados no início da brotação, visando ao controle das ninfas de segundo e terceiro ínstar. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito da calda sulfocálcica e do óleo mineral para o controle da cochonilha-parda na cultura da videira visando disponibilizar insumos para o controle do inseto no sistema orgânico de produção. Foram avaliados a calda sulfocálcica (polisulfeto de cálcio) a 4º Bé formulada pela Sol Química® (10L/90L de água) e óleo mineral (Iharol, 500 e 1.000 mL/100L), em área naturalmente infestada pela praga em Bento Gonçalves, RS. O número de insetos vivos foi avaliado aos 14 e 35 dias após a aplicação (DAA). A calda sulfocálcica e o óleo mineral (0,5 e 1%) reduziram a infestação da cochonilha-parda na cultura da videira aos 35 DAA em 79, 44,8 e 58,9%, sendo inferiores ao controle (95,1%) obtido com o fosforado fenitrothion (Sumithion 500, 150 mL/100L).

ABSTRACT The European peach scale Parthenolecanium persicae is one of the most important grape pests in southern Brazil. Infested branches are less vigorous and can die from high levels of scale infestation. European peach scale (EPS) control in the conventional production system is based on phosphorous and neonicotinoid at the beginning of the season, to control second and third instar nymphs. In this study, the effect of lime sulphur and mineral oil was evaluated for EPS control in vineyards, looking for alternatives to manage the pest in organic production. Lime sulphur at 4º Bé formulated by Sol Química® (10L/90L of water) and mineral oil (Iharol, 500 and 1,000 mL/100L) were evaluated in a naturally infested vineyard in Bento Gonçalves/RS. The number of live insects was evaluated 14 and 35 days after application. Lime sulphur and the mineral oil (0.5 and 1%) reduced the EPS infestation at 35 days after application by 79, 44.8 and 58.9%, which was lower than the mortality (95.1%) obtained with prorothion (Sumition 500, 150 mL/100L).

RESUMO O efeito de Bacillus thuringiensis e inseticidas químicos (fenitrotion e triclorfon) para o controle de Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick, 1909) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) foi avaliado em laboratório e vinhedo comercial. Em laboratório, a 26 ± 1º C, UR 70 ± 10% e fotofase de 14 horas, utilizando discos de folhas de videira com lagartas de terceiro e quarto ínstar, observou-se que os inseticidas B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Dipel DF®, 50, 75 e 100 g/100L), fenitrothion (Sumithion® 500 CE, 150 mL/100L) e triclorfon (Dipterex® 500, 300 mL/100L) foram eficientes no controle de A. sphaleropa, reduzindo a população em níveis superiores a 90%. Em vinhedo comercial, observou-se a presença constante de adultos de A. sphaleropa em armadilhas de feromônio sexual durante todo o experimento (dezembro de 2003 a março de 2004), constatando-se um pico populacional no início de fevereiro. Na colheita, todos os inseticidas e concentrações avaliadas reduziram significativamente o dano da lagarta-das-fruteiras nos cachos em níveis entre 83,3 a 94,4%, sendo que as três concentrações de B. thuringiensis foram equivalentes ao controle obtido com os inseticidas fosforados fenitrothion e triclorfon.

ABSTRACT The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis and chemical insecticides (fenitrotion and trichlorfon) for the control of Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick, 1909) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) was evaluated in the laboratory and in a commercial vineyard. In the laboratory at 26 ± 1º C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and 14h photophase, using grapevine leaves with artificial infestations of third to fourth instars, B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Dipel DF® 50, 75 and 100 g/100L), fenitrothion (Sumithion® 500 CE, 150 mL/100L) and triclorfon (Dipterex® 500, 300 mL/100L) were efficient for A. sphaleropa larvae control, reducing the insect population by more than 90%. In the commercial vineyard, A. sphaleropa adults continued being caught in pheromone traps during the whole experiment (from December of 2003 to March of 2004), with a peak at the beginning of February. In field conditions, all insecticides and doses reduced the South American tortricid moth damage in the bunches between 83.3 and 94.4%. The control of B. thuringiensis was equivalent to the chemical insecticides fenitrothion and trichlorfon.